Residual Phase


DETECTION OF SUBSURFACE CONTAMINATION RESIDUAL PHASE
COLLECTION
	- continuous vertical sampling of soils with geoprobe lithologic description of soils sampling and preservation of soils for analyses
ANALYSES
	SCREENING ANALYSES - BTEX, TPH - C5+ - Synchronous Fluorescence EPA ANALYSES - BTEX, TPH - High Resolution GC - PAH - RCRA Metals
INTERPRETATION


KEY CONCEPTS
- in a typical petroleum fuel hydrocarbon spill, approximately 95% of the mass is contained in the subsurface as residual phase contamination (and free phase) - the residual phase contamination in soils will act as a continuous source of dissolved phase contamination regardless of natural attenuation in the aquifer - the most critical and damaging phase of petroleum fuel contamination - determines the vertical distribution of contamination - locations of direct-push ground water samples, monitor wells and product recovery wells should be selected from areas of maximum residual phase contamination in soils